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| Aliyu Abubakar | |
Ciwon Suga wata jinyace da take samuwa yayin da sinadarin suga wato (gulukos) yayi yawa a cikin jinin dan-Adam na tsawon lokaci. Bisa kiyasin hukumar lafiya ta duniya (WHO) sama da mutane miliyan 422 ne suke fama da wannan ciwon.
Yadda Ciwon Suga yake Faruwa
Ciwon Suga na faruwane yayin da jikin dan-Adam ya kasa sarrafa dukkan sinadarin suga (gulukos) da ke cikin jini, shi kuma gulukos na samuwane yayin da muka ci wani nau'in abinci mai suna kabohaidret wanda jikinmu yake sarrafashi zuwa sukari (gulukos), sannan akwai wani sinadari mai suna insulin da jikin dan-Adam ke samarwa wanda kan umarci jikin da ya yi amfani da sukarin (gulukos) a matsayin makamashi, yayin da jiki ya daina samar da sinadarin insulin ko kuma sinadarin ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata kasantuwar hakane me haifar day taruwar suga (gulukos) a cikin jini Wanda hakan man janyo matsaloli kamar bugun zuciya, shanyewar barin jiki, makanta, ciwon koda da kuma rashin warkewar ciwo.
Alamun kamuwa da Ciwon Suga
•Yawan Jin kishirwa
•Yin fitsari fiye da kima, musamman cikin dare
•Yawan Gajiya
•Ramewa ba tare da dalili ba
•Raguwar karfin ido
•Zafin 'kafafu
•Yawan mantuwa
•Gumi Mara misaltuwa
Ire-Iren Ciwon Suga:
Ciwon suga nau'i Biyu ne:
Na Farko1: Na faruwane yayin da jiki ya daina samar da sinadarin insulin, saboda haka sai suga (gulukos) ya taru a cikin jini. Mafi yawanci yara 'yan shekara 12-15 su sukafi kamuwa day irin wannan nau'in na ciwon suga Wanda kiyasi ya nuns cewa suke da kaso 10-20 cikin 100 na masu fama day ciwon suga a duniya.
Har yanzu masana lafiya basu gano dalilin da yasa jiki yake daina samar da sinadarin insulin ba shi yasa wasu suka ala'kanta abin da gado ko kuma kamuwa da wasu kwayoyin cuta da kan lalata 'ya'yan halitta (cells) wadanda ke samar da sinadarin insulin din.
Na Biyu2: Na faruwane yayin da jiki ya gaza samar da isasshen sinadarin insulin ko kuma ya kasance insulin din ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata. Mafi yawanci manyan mutane 'yan shekara 35-40 ke kamuwa da wannan nau'in ciwon suga kuma su suke da ka kaso 80-90 na masu ciwon suga a duniya.
Abubuwan dake haifar da wannan nau'i na ciwon suga akwai:
•Rashin motsa jiki
•Tara mummunar 'kiba
•Cin abinci da ya wuce kima
Akwai wani nau'i na ciwon suga da mata masu juna biyu ke kamuwa dashi sakamakon jaririn dasuke dauke dashi sai ya zama jikinsu ba ya iya samar da isassshen sinadarin insulin da zai wadaci uwar da jaririn, wannan nau'in ba cika jimawa ajikin matanba domin mafi yawanci da zarar sun haihu suke rabuwa dashi.
Hanyoyin Magance Ciwon Suga
Ciwon suga Ana maganceshi ta hanyoyi guda Uku:
√ Abinci: Cikakken bayani zaizo akan tsari da nau'ikan abincin da mai ciwon suga zainaci a rubutu nagaba)
√ Motsa jiki: Motsa jiki akalla na tsawon awanni biyu da rabi duk sati na da matukar muhimmanci ga masu ciwon suga musamman ga masu nau'i na biyu na ciwon suga da mukayi bayani asama.
√ Anfani da Magani: Masu ciwon suga nau'i na biyu zasuyi iya amfani da magungunan dake rage sinadarin gulukos daga cikin jini da ake kira (Hypoglycemic drugs) Wanda suka kasu gida biyu Lamar haka:
>Biguanide-Irinsu Metformin (glucophage)
>Sulphonylurease-Irinsu Acetohexamide, Tolbutamide, Glibenclamide (Daonil), Glimepiride, Pioglitazone dasauransu.
Sannan akwai allurar insulin da ake amfani da ita ga masu ciwon suga domin rage yawan sinadarin suga (gulukos) a jini musamman ga masu kalar ciwon suga nau'i na farko da kuma mata masu ciki.
Abubuwan da ya kamata mai Ciwon Suga ya Nisanta
Da bukatar duk mai ciwon suga ya nisanci daya daga cikin wadannan abubuwan:
•Cin abinci ko abin sha da aka tabbatar yana tattare da sinadarin suga mai yawa aciki (idan munzo bayani Akan abincin masu ciwon suga zamu lissafo ire-irensu)
Cin abincin da ya wuce kima
Tara mummunar 'kiba
Shan giya ko taba
Hanyoyin da ake tabbatar da Ciwon Suga
Ana tabbatar da ciwon suga ne kawai ta hanyar sakamakon gwaje-gwajen Suga da likita zaisa ayiwa mutumin da yake fama wadancan alamomin ciwon sugan da muka ambata asama, gwaje-gwajen sun hada da:
>Gwajin Fitsari: wannan shine matakin farko da ake fara tantace mai ciwon suga, idan sakamakon gwajin ya nuna samuwar sinadarin gulukos a cikin fitsarin (glycosuria) to wannan mutumin ya kamu da ciwon suga, kuma kusan kashi 50 cikin 100 na mata masu ciki ana samun wannan sinadarin a fitsarinsu Wanda hakan ke 'Kara tabbatar da cewa a lokacin da mata ke dauke da juna biyu suna kamuwa ciwon suga.
>Gwajin Jini: Akwai Gwaje-gwajen jini da yawa da akeyi Kafin a tabbatar da cewa mutum ya kamu da ciwon suga; wanda suka hada da:
√Gwajin sugan da akeyinsa a ko yaushe ba tare da sanya wata 'ka'ida ga Wanda za'a gwadaba wannan gwajin shine ake kira da Random blood sugar (RBS), bayan gwajin Idan sakamakon ya haura >11.1mmol/L (200mg/dL) za'a zargi cewa akwai ciwon suga a tattare da mutum amma da bukatar a maimaita gwajin a wasu lokutan daban don 'kara tabbartawa.
√Gwajin da akeyinsa bayan shafe kimanin awanni 10-12 na dare batare da anci komaiba har zuwa lokacin da za'adau jinin mutum domin gwajin, wannan gwajin shi ake kira da Fasting blood sugar (FBS), idan sakamakon wannan gwajin ya nuna yawan sugan cake cikin jinin ya wuce >7.0mmol/L(126mg/dL) to anan mutum yashiga matakin ciwon suga amma da bukatar 'Kara maimaita gwajin cikin kwanaki biyu ko uku don 'Kara samun tabbaci.
√Gwajin da akeyinsa bayan awa biyu da bawa mutum sinadarin gulukos wanda yawansa yakai kimanin giram 75 da ake hadashi da ruwan da yakai kimanin 300mL wannan gwajin shi ake kira da Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), idan sakamakon wannan gwajin ya nuna cewa adadin sugan dake cikin jinin ya wuce >11.1mmol/L(200mg/dL) to anan za'a tabbatar da cewa mutum ya kamu da ciwon suga, idan an so za'a iya Kara maimaita gwajin. Akwai wani gwajin mai kama da wannan da ake kira 2hours postprandial blood glucose (2hpp) bambancinsu kawai shine shi za'a iya cin kowane irin abinci sannan adauki jinin mutum bayan awa biyu.
Zamu takaita a iyaka wadannan amma akwai gwaje-gwaje da dama da ake yiwa masu ciwon suga bayan kamuwarsu dan ganin yadda abinci da kuma magungunan da suke amfani dasu suna tasiri wajen raguwar sugan ko kuma basayi daga cikin irin wadannan gwaje-gwajen akwai irinsu Glycated haemoglobin da kuma irinsu Serum fructosamine, wasu kuma gwaje-gwajen kai tsaye na nuni zuwa ga ainahin adadin sinadarin insulin da kuma jerantuwar kwayoyin halitta (cell) acikin saifa da yadda suke samun kariya ko kuma lalacewa irin wannan gwaje-gwajen sune kamarsu Plasma insulin test, C-peptide da kuma Islet cell antibodies.
Allah yasa mudace
©GHN
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