Jinyoyin da mutane ke kamuwa dasu daga Dabbobi (Zoonotic Diseases)

Nura Idris  |

Dabbobi na taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar mu musamman ta bangaren samar da nishadi da kuma kasancewar wasu daga cikinsu abinci garemu, sai dai a wasu lokutan sukan zama babban jigo na yaduwar jinyoyi ga mutane sakamakon 'kwayoyin cutar bacteria, fungi, parasite da kuma virus da suke dauke dasu, kamuwar dabbobi da daya daga cikin wadannan 'kwayoyin cutar zaisa ta'ammuli dasu ya zama barazana ga lafiyar dan-Adam, sakamakon zasu iya yada wadannan 'kwayoyinn cutar zuwa ga mutane, ire-iren cututtukan dake yaduwa daga dabbobi zuwa mutane sune ake kira da 'zoonoses' ko kuma 'anthropozoonoses diseases' a turance, kuma ko wane bangare na dabobi (na gida da na daji, manya ko 'kanana) na iya yada jinyoyi ga dan-Adam matukar sun kamu da daya daga cikin wadancan 'kwayoyin cutar da muka ambata.
Hasashen hukumar lafiya ta duniya (WHO) ya nuna cewa Kimanin kaso 61 cikin 100 na jinyoyi ana samun sune daga dabbobi haka zalika kimanin kashi 75 na sababbin jinyoyin dake 'bulla a duniya daga dabobi suke, hakan ke nuna cewa mutane sama da miliyan 50 ke kamuwa da ire-iren jinyoyin da ake samu daga dabbobi a duk shekara kuma a 'kalla mutane sama da mutane 230,000 ke mutuwa a ko wace shekara a duniya sakamakon ta'ammuli da dabobi majinyata.


Ire-iren jinyoyin da mutane kan iya kamuwa dasu daga dabbobi

√ Cutar dake kama da tarin fuka da ake samun ta daga shanu da ake kira da 'Bovine Tuberculosis'
√ Jinyar da ake samu daga jikin mage/kyanwa da ake kira da 'Toxoplasmosis'
√ Jinyar da ake kamuwa da ita ta hangar cizon kare da ake kira da 'Rabies'
√ Jinyar da ake kamuwa da ita ta hanyar 'bera da ake kira da 'Lassa fever'
√ Cututtukan da ake dauka ta hanyar gurbataccen abinci ko abin sha da aka samu 'bullar 'kana nan halittu a ciki da ake kira 'Salmonellosis'
√ Cutar tsutsa da 'karamin hanji ke kamuwa da ita ta hanyar amfani da gurbataccen ruwa da ake kira da 'Ascariasis'
√ Cutar Ebola da ake samu daga jemagu
√ Zazzabin 'zika virus' da ake samu daga cizon wani nau'in sauro da ake kira 'Aedes mosquito'
√ Cutar bacci 'sleeping sickness' da ake kamuwa da ita ta hanyar wani nau'in 'kuda da ake kira 'Tse-tse fly'
√ Jinyar da ake samu ta hanyar cizon kaska da ake kira da 'Lyme disease'

Wadannan kadan ne daga cikin Jinyoyin da ake kamuwa dasu daga dabbobi, a jerin rubuce-rubucen da zamu cigaba da kawo muku akan wannan matsalar zamuyi bayani cikakke akansu daya bayan daya.

Hanyoyin kamuwa da wadannan jinyoyin

Hanyoyin kamuwa da wadannan jinyoyin sun hada da:
√ Mu'amala ta kaitsaye da dabbar da take dauke da 'kwayar cutar bacteria, fungi, parasite da kuma virus da suka hada da:
• Ta'ba abin da ya shafi fitsari, kashi, jini ko yawu na wannan dabbar
• Cizo ko yakushi na dabbar dake dauke da wadancan kwayoyin cutar

√ Mu'amalar da ba takai tsaye ba da majinyatan dabbobi da ya hada da:
• Amfani da kwanon cin abincin dabobin
•Shiga dakin dabobin dake da suke dauke da 'kwayoyin cuta ko kuma barin dabbobin suna yawo a cikin mutane ko kuma suna taba kayan amfanin mutane

√ Ta hanyar 'Kwarin dake daukar cuta su yada irinsu sauro, 'kuda, kaska da sauransu
√ Ta hanyar amfani da nama ko nonon dabbobin dake dauke da jinya a matsayin abinci, ko kuma ta hanyar cin abincin da ya rube ko wanda bai dahu sosai ba da zai haifar da 'bullar wasu 'kananan halittu da zasu cutar da lafiyar dan-Adam.

Hanyoyin kariya daga wadannan jinyoyin

• Rage ta'ammmuli da dabbobin da aka tabbatar da cewa suna dauke da 'kwayoyin cutar da zasu cutar da mutum
• Nisantar cin naman dabbobin da aka tabbatar da cewa suna dauke da jinya
• Kebance dabbobin dake da jinya daga cikin mutane
• Wanke hannu da sabulu yayin da akai ta'ammuli da dabbobi ko kuma yayin da aka shiga wajensu koda ba'a tabasuba
• Kariya daga cizon sauro, kuda ko kaska ta hangar amfani da maganin feshi
• Tabbatar da tsaftar abinci ko abin sha tare da kuma da tsaftar kwanuka, tukwane kafin ayi amfani dasu da kuma bayan angama angama amfani dasu
• Toshe duk wata kafa da 'kananan dabbobi irinsu 'bera zasu shigo cikin gida
• Neman riga kafi kafin kamuwa da jinyoyin da kuma garzawa zuwa asibiti bayan duk wani canji na lafiya da aka ji.


Allah ya 'Kara km karemu
©GHN

Bayani Akan Illar Yawan shan Maganin Ciwon Jiki ko na Rage jin Radadi (NSAIDs)

Aminu Gambo G.   |

Da yawa mutane a wannan lokacin sun tasirantu da yawan shan magungunan rage ciwon jiki da kuma rage jin radadi duk da cewa magungunan na da matu'kar illa ga dan-Adam, jinsin wadannan magungunan sune ake kira da Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) da suka hada da irinsu Feldene, Ibuprofen, Meloxicam, Diclofenac, Indomethacin da kuma Naproxen, haka kuma duk da cewa magungunan suna aikine a jikin mutum ta hanyar dakatar da samuwar sinadarin da ake kira da cyclooxygenase enzymes (Cox-1 & Cox-2) wanda 'kwayar halitta 'cells' ke samarwa, samuwar wannan sinadarin kesa jiki ya iya sarrafa sinadarin 'prostaglandins' dake taimakawa wajen kare ciki daga kwailewa saboda yawan sinadarin sarrafa abinci a ciki, amma kuma duk da haka wadannan magungunan ba sune mafita ga masu fama da ciwon jiki ko jin radadi ba sakamakon manyan illolin da suke haifarwa jikin dan-Adam da suka hada da:
• Haddasa Daskarewar jini tare da haddasa gajiyawar zuciya
• Haddasa Gyambon ciki wato 'Ulcer'
• Lalata Hanta da kuma hana 'koda yin aikin da ya kamata
• Haifar da matsalar 'kwa'kwalwa musamman ga yara 'kanana
• Sannan kuma suna haifar da matsalar Hawan jini da sauransu.

Mafi yawanci ciwon jiki ba jinya bane akaran kansa sai dai yana nuni zuwa ga alamun wata jinyar dake damun mutum, a wasu lokutan kuma ciwon jiki na faruwa ne sakamakon sabanin zaman ƙ'kashi, jijiya da tsoka a jiki, wannan ne ya sa ko da mutum ya sha maganin ciwon jikin da zarar ƙ'karfin maganin ya ƙ'kare a cikin jini sai ciwon ya dawo har sai an 'kara shan wani maganin.
Abin nufi anan shine amfani da wadannan magungunan ba sune hanyar magance matsalar ciwon jiki ba domin basa magance ainahin matsalar da ta haddasa ciwon, saboda matu'kar ba'a daidaita sabanin da ke tsakanin jijiya, ƙ'kashi da tsoka ba to wannan ciwo zai cigabane duk da cewa anashan magani.

Mafita dangane da matsalar ciwon jiki ko jin radadi

• Cire damuwa daga rai da kuma samun ishashen bacci
• 'Kirkirarwa kai nishadi tare da yawan motsa jiki
• Cin abinci mai nagarta
• 'Kauracewa shan ire-iren wadannan magungunan sai idan da sahalewar likita
• Zuwa asibiti lokaci bayan lokaci domin duba ingancin lafiya don samun maganin da yake daidai da bu'katar jikin mutum.

Allah ya 'kara mana lafiya
©GHN

Bayani Akan Zazzabin Lassa (Lassa Fever)

Aliyu Abubakar  |

A cikin makon nan ne aka samu 'bullar zazzabin Lassa a jihar kano da yayi sanadiyar mutuwar wasu mutane tare da wasu ma'aikatan lafiya, kasantuwar haka yasa muka kawo muku wannan bayanin domin wayar da kan al'umma akan cutar da kuma hanyoyin da za'abi domin kare kai.

Zazzabin Lassa na daya daga cikin jinsin jinyoyin da ake kira da 'Rodent-borne Hemorrhagic fever' a turance ma'ana jinyoyin da ake dauka daga kananan dabobi irinsu beran gida wato 'Mastomys natalensis' wanda shine kusan ginshiki wajen yada cutar ga mutane sakamakon wata kwayar virus dake da hatsarin gaske da yake dauke ita, mafi yawanci wannan jinya tafi yaduwa a 'kasashen dake yammacin Afrika da kusan kaso 36-67 cikin100.
An fara samun bullar wannan cuta a Nigeria a 'kauyen Lassa dake jihar Borno a shekarar 1969 a wanni sansanin Amurikawa, alkaluman kididdiga na hukumar lafiya ta duniya (WHO) ya nuna cewa kimanin mutane 300,000 dake yammacin Afrika ke kamuwa da zazzabin Lassa a duk shekara kuma a 'kalla mutane 5000 ne ke mutuwa a kowace shekara.

Yadda zazzabin Lassa ke yaduwa

Zazzabin Lassa na yaduwane ta daya daga cikin wadannan hanyoyin:
• Cin abinci ko abin shan da bera yayi kashi ko fitsari aciki
• Sha'kar iskar da take gurnace da kashi ko fitsarin bera
• Cin naman beran dake dauke da wannan 'kwayar cutar
• Taba yawu, jini ko majina na mutumin da jinyar ta baiyana a jikinsa, amma indan alamun basu baiyana ba to taba wadannan abubuwan baza susa mutum ya kamu da jinyarba, haka kuma mu'amalar jiki da jiki da mai jinyar irinsu gaisuwa ko runguma basa sa a kamu da jinyar.

Alamomin zazzabin Lassa

'Kwayar cutar zazzabin Lassa na iya ratsa ko ina a jikin dan-Adam, Alamun na fara baiyana ne bayan sati 1-3 da kamuwa da 'kwayar cutar, alamomin cutar sun kasance kamar haka:

√ Mataki na farko wanda shine ke dauke da kusan kaso 80 cikin 100 na alamun jinyar ya hada da tsananin zafin jiki, tsanin gajiya da kuma tsananin ciwon kai.
√ Mataki na biyu shine ya dauki kusan kaso 20 cikin 100 na alamun jinyar Wanda ya hada da ciwon jiki, kurajen jiki da na baki, lalacewar koda ko zuciya, amai, ciwon baya da na kirji, shan numfashi da kyar, ciwon ciki da kuma gudawa mai jini aciki a wasu lokutan mutum na iya rasa jinsa.
√ Mataki na uku shike dauke da kaso 15 cikin 100 na alamun jinyar wanda ya hada da kumburin fuska sai kuma zubar jini ta baki, hanci da kuma farji ga mata, mafi ya wanci ba'a cika rayuwa ba idan akazo wannan matakin, da zarar mutum ya fara jin days daga cikin alamomin da muka ambata a matakin farko da ya garzaya zuwa asibiti domin daukar matakin gaggawa.

Hanyoyin kariya daga zazzabin Lassa

Matakan kariya daga zazzabin Lassa sune kamar haka:

√ Mataki na farko ya hada da matakan kariya da ake bi Kafin akamu da jinyar wanda suka hada da:
• Kula da tsaftar muhalli
• Kora ko toshe duk wata hanyar shigar bera gidajenmu
• A daina barin abinci ko kwanuka a bude idan dare yayi
• Rufe hanci da kyalle yayin da ake share kashin bera ko fitsarinsa
• Zuwa asibiti da zarar zazzabi ya wuce kwana biyu

√ Mataki na biyu ya hada da matakan da ake bi bayan kamuwa da jinyar wanda suka hada da shan maganin dake kashe kwayar cutar virus wato (antiviral drugs) irinsu Ribavirin dasauransu.

Allah ya 'Kara karemu.
©GHN

Bayani Akan Kansar Bakin Mahaifa (Cervical Cancer)

Aliyu Abubakar    |

Kansar bakin mahaifa dayace daga cikin nau'inkan kansa da take da hatsari ga mata bayan kansar mama (breast cancer), alkaluman 'kididdiga na cibiyar kula da lafiya ta duniya wato (WHO) da kuma cibiyar bincike akan cutar kansa ta duniya wato (IARC) sun nuna cewa kimanin mata 570,000 ne ke dauke da wannan cuta a aduniya, kuma cutar na kashe mata fiye da 311,000 a kowace shekara, kimanin kashi 87 cikin 100 na cutar na kama mata ne a kasashe masu tasowa irin Najeriya; duk da cewa ana iya shawo man cutar cikin sauki.
Cibiyar kula da lafiyar iyali ta Society for Family Health (SFH) tace a Nigeria akalla kimanin mata sama da 10,000 ne ke rasa rayuwarsu duk shekara sanadiyar wannan cuta, kuma mafi yawancin matan da sukafi fama da wannan cuta daga yankin arewacin kasar suke.

Yadda mata ke kamuwa da kansar bakin mahaifa

Ana kamuwa ne da wannan cutane ta hanyayar wata 'kwayar cutar virus mai suna Human Papiloma virus (HPV), Kuma mafi yawanci cutar na ya duwane ta hanyar jima'i, duk da cewa da yawa wadanda ke dauke da wannan 'kwayar cutar basu san suna dauke da itaba, cutar na kasancewa tare da matane sanadiyar yawan aurace-aurace, yawan haihuwa da kuma saduwa da matan dake da shekaru kadan.
Yadda abin yake faruwa shine ita 'kwayar cutar 'HPV' na zuwa ta sa jinya a wuyan mahaifa (cervix), jinyar bazata dadeba a wuyan mahaifar saboda cikin gaggawa garkuwar jiki zata yaketa, sai dai inda matsalar take dazarar wannan jinyar ta shiga wuyan mahaifa take canza kwayoyin halittar wajen wato (cells) zuwa wani yanayi na sharar fagen kamuwa da kansa (pre-cancer cells), duk da cewa kwayoyin halittar (cells) na iya dawowa daidai yadda suke koda kuwa ana kan wannan matakin idan har an gano matsalar da wuri an kuma maganceta, idan har ba'a gano matsalarba to wadannan 'kwayoyin halittar da suke matakin sharar fage na zama kansa to zasu koma su zama 'kwayoyin halittar kansa (cancer cells) kai tsaye.

Alamomin kamuwa da kansar bakin mahaifa

Babu wata alama da ake iya gane cutar kansar baking mahaifa a karon farko, mafi yawanci dai ana iya gane alamun cutan ne a lokacin da ta tayi nisa a jikin macen da shekarunta suka gota 30, daga cikin alamomin cutar da aka fi gani sun hada da:
• Zuban jini a gun mace da ta gama al'adar ta
• Zuban jini yayin saduwa da miji
• Zuban jini tsakanin al'ada (period) zuwa wata
• Fitar ruwa mai wari daga gaban mace

Hanyoyin kariya daga cutar kansar bakin mahaifa

Ana samun kariya daga cutar kansar bakin mahaifa ta wadannan hanyoyin:
• Rigakafi: Ana samun kariya daga cutar kansar mahaifa ta hanyar yin allurar rigakafin kwayar cutar Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) ga yara mata 'yan shekara 9-13 kafin su fara mu'amala da maza.
• Gwajin bakin mahaifa (Pap Smear Test): Wannan gwajin anayinsane dan gano alamar kansar bakin mahaifa tun kafin ta zama kansa, ana bukatar mata 'yan shekara 21 zuwa sama dasu maida hankali wajen ganin ana musu wannan gwajin domin samun tabbaci akan cewa suna dauke da alamun wannan cuta ko kuma basa dauke da ita, akalla duk bayan shekara 3 anaso a sake maimaita gwajin.
Banda Pap smear test akwai wasu gwaje-gwajen da ake amfani dasu wajen gano wannan cuta irinsu HPV test da VIA screening, domin tabbar da jinyar shi zaisa adauki matakin kariya na gaggawa daga jinyar, da fatan za'a dinga tuntubar likitoci kwararru akan matsalolin lafiya gaba daya.

Daga yau 21st -27th January, 2020 zaku iya turo mana da tambayoyinku akan wannan cutar musamman 'yan uwa mata, domin a shirye muke domin amsa tambayoyinku, Allah ya Kara mana lafiya.




#WayarDaKai
#MuYakiKansarMahaifa
#CervicalCancerAwarenessWeek
#Jan_2020
©GHN

Bayani Akan Ciwon Olsa (Peptic Ulcers)

Nuraddeen Abba Mustapha  |

Ciwon Olsa (Peptic Ulcers) daya ce daga cikin ciwuka da dake addabar sashen da ya shafi ciki da ake kira da (gastrointestinal tract) a turance, mafi ya wanci akan kira olsa da gyambon ciki sakamakon tafi kama tumbi, karamin hanji da kuma kwararon ma'kogoro wato (Oesophagus).

Yadda Ciwon Olsa ke faruwa

Ciwon olsa na faruwa ne yayinda bangon kariya wato (gastrointestinal barrier) da ya katange sassan hanji ko tumbi ya samu rauni ko ya kuje, amfanin wannan bangon kariyar shine bada kariya ga kafofin jini na jiki daga dukkanin wani abu da yake a cikin tumbi ko hanji.

Abubuwan da suke kawo Ciwon Olsa

√ 'Konewar sinadarin Hydrochloric acid wanda ake samarwa a tumbi don narkar da abinci, 'konewar wannan sinadarin shi kesa bangon kariya na tumbi ko hanji ya sami rauni
√ Kamuwa da 'kwayar cutar Bakteriya da ake kira da Helicobacter pylori (H pylori)
√ Yawan amfani da nau'ikan magungunan rage jin zafi ko zugi da ake kira Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) irinsu Diclofenac, Ibuprofen dasauransu, cikakken bayani zaizo a rubutun mu na gaba kan illolin amfani da wadannan magungunan
√ Yawan ci ko shan abubuwan da suke 'kunshe da sinadarin caffeine acikinsu da ya wuce kimanin >400mg a rana
√ Shan Barasa
√ Damuwa mai tsanani
√ Rashin cin abinci akan lokaci musamman Karin safe
√ Cin abincin da yake da mai'ko ko abin sha mai tsami sosai

Abubuwan da muka ambata asama na farko da na biyu Kai tsaye suna samar da rauni/ciwo ga bangon kariya ta hanyar rarake kariyar (barrier), Sauran abubuwan kuma suna haifar da Ciwon Olsa ne ta wata hanyar daban wadda ta shafi sinadarai na jiki.

Alamomin ciwon olsa

√ Yawan jin Amai
√ Rashin sha'awar abinci
√ 'Kuna a 'kirji ko zafin ciki
√ Fitar da jini daga tumbi ko hanji
√ Yawan gyatsa, magwas, da kuma danka ko kumburin ciki
√ Ramewa ta rashin dalili
√ Ciwo ta 'bangaren baya musamman yayin cin abinci

Hanyoyin Kariya daga Ciwon Olsa

√ Rage yawan amfani da kayayyakin 'kanshi ko yaji a abinci domin suna dauke da sinadarin dake faama ciwo da ake kira da Capsiasin
√ Daina shan Taba Sigari da kuma Barasa, tare da Nisantar abubuwan dasuke 'kunshe da sinadarin caffeine a ciki
√ Cin abincin da ya hada da ganyayyaki da kuma kayan marmari.
Kiyaye wadannan matakan da muka ambata na kariya na taimakawa wajen rage kamuwa da Ciwon Olsa.

Magungunan Ciwon Olsa

Ciwon olsa akan iya maganceshi ta hanyoyi da dama mafi sauki shine ta hanyar shan magunguna, Magunguna olsa ana amfani da sune kawai bayan rubutawar likita idan aka yi gwajin ciwon olsa akan mara lafiya kuma aka tabbatar da cutar ta hanyoyi da dama da suka hada da gwajin da da ake haska cikin mutum wato Endoscopy/Gastroscopy da kuma gwajin kwayar Bacteriya ta H pylori da ake amfani da Jini ko Bahaya na mutum da dai sauransu.
Magungunan magance Ciwon Olsa sun hada da:

√ Nau'in maganin da ake kira da Antibiotics: Idan akayiwa mutum gwajin jini ko bahaya na kwayar bacteriyar H pylori sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa akwai samuwar wannan 'kwayar bacteriyar dake sa ciwon olsa, za ayi amfani da a 'kalla kala biyu na wannan jinsin maganin da suka hada da; Tetracycline, Metronidazo, Amoxicillin, clarithromycin, za ayi amfani dasu sau biyu a rana na tsahon sati biyu domin kashe 'Kwayar cutar.
           
√ Magungunan rage yawan sinadarin narkar da abinci da jiki yake samarwa wato (Hydrochloric acid) wanda  suka hada da:
• Nau'in maganin da ake kira da Proton pump blockers (PPIs) irinsu Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Lansoprazole
• Nau'in maganin da ake kira da Antihistamine drugs/H2-receptor antagonists irinsu Cimetidine , Ranitidine, Nizatidine
• Nau'in maganin da ake kira da Mucous lining protectors irinsu Sucralfate ( carafate)
• Nau'in maganin da ake kira da Mucus and HC03 producing drugs irinsu misoprostol
• Nau'in maganin da ake kira da Antacids irinsu Gestid, Gelusil da kuma nau'in maganin da ake kira Alginates da sauransu. A takaice mai ciwon olsa akan dorashi akan tsarin da ake kira da Triple Therapy ma'ana zaiyi amfani da magani kala uku alokaci daya biyu daga ciki zasu yaki 'kwayar bakteriyar H pylori dayan kuma zai hana fitowar sinadarin Hydrochloric acid daga jiki, shan wadannan magungunan daidai da yadda likita ya tsara zai taimaka wajen rabuwa da jinyar.

Shan maganin rage jin radadi ko zugi wato (NSAID) kamar yadda muka ambata a baya na daga cikin nau'ikan magungunan dake haifar da ciwon olsa saidai idan ya zama ba makawa sai anyi amfani dasu to a iya amfani da wadanda suke da dama-dama cikinsu da ake kira da COX-2 inhibitor irinsu Celebrex, kuma ana iya amfani da Paracetamol domin rage zafin radadin ciwon olsa.

Ginsau HealthNetwork a shirye suke domin amsa tambayoyin ku ko baku shawarwari da suka shafi ingancin lafiyarku, muna rokon Allah daya 'karamana lafiya.

Mungode
©GHN

Amsoshin Tambayoyin da kuka aiko mana akan Ciwon Suga (Diabetes Mellitus)

Aliyu Abubakar | 

<> SHIN ANA GADON CIWON SUGA?
Daga: Aminu gbr

E, ana gadon ciwon suga  nau'i na biyu daga cikin ire-iren ciwon suga da mukayi bayani, duk da cewa ana iya gadonsa, halayya ta fi tasiri musamman dabi’ar ciye-ciyen abinci da yanayin jikin mutum, don haka idan iyayenka na da nau’i na biyu na ciwon suga ba a sa ran za ka kamu, sai dai idan dabi’ar ciye-ciyenka ce za ta sa ka kamu.

<> SHIN MAI CIWON SUGA ZAI IYA SHAN RAKE?
Daga: Hafsat Ahmad

E, mai ciwon suga na iya shan rake saboda sinadarin sugan da yake 'kunshe dashi bashi da karfi sosai wajen cutatar da mutum, sinadarin sugan dake cikin rake ana kiransa da fructose, shikuma fructose yana cikin jerin sugan da suke da low glycemic index, don haka nauyin sugan dake cikinsa bai kai ya ace zai cutar ba sai dai zuwa wani lokaci idan aka fiya amfani dashi zai iya zama illa, zaifi kyau mai ciwon suga ya maida hankali kan cin ganyayyaki da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa kamar yadda mukayi bayani akan tsarin abincin masu ciwon suga.

<> SHAZUMAMA NA BIN FITSARINA SHIN WANNAN NA NUNA CEWA INA DA CIWON SUGA?
Daga: Ali Muh'd

A'a, haka baya nuni da cewa kana da suga saboda shazumama ba wai sai fitsarin mai suga yake biba, amma dai idan aka cika ganin haka, alama ce dake nuns cewa akwai bukatar yin gwaji domain tabbatar da abin da ake tunani.

<> TAFIN KAFATA NA YAWAN YIMIN ZAFI KUMA GA YAWAN YIN FITSARI MAI ZAFI SHIN WANNAN NA NUNA CEWA INA DA CIWON SUGA?
Daga: Yahaya Suleiman

Wadannan alamu tabbas ciwon suga na iya haifar dasu amma annan alamu kaitsaye ba a ce na ciwon suga ba ne, domin sun fi kama da shigar kwayoyin cuta cikin mafitsara, shawara anan shine da ka garzaya asibiti aima aune-aunen fitsari da jini domain banbancewa.

<> NI INA DA YAWAN SHAN RUWA KO HAKAN NA NUFIN INA DA CIWON SUGA?
Daga: Yahaya Suleiman

E, wannan na daya daga cikin alamun ciwon suga da muka ambata idan ka koma rubutun da mukayi akan ciwon suga, dan kasan wannan alama ta yawan yin fitsari ga mai ciwon suga kusan itace gaba fiye da yawan shan ruwa, don haka saika garzaya asibiti domin a yi maka gwaje-gwaje.

<> INANE YA KAMATA NAJE DOMIN GWAJIN SUGA?
Daga: Yakubu Dahiru Gatafa

Toh, Idan kanajin daya daga cikin alamun da muka ambata na ciwon suga sai kayi maza kaje asibiti kaga likita, zai turaka dakin gwaji domin tabbatar da jinyar daga baya ya doraka akan tsarin da take daidai da matakin jinyarka.

Mungode da kulawarku, dafatan zaku cigaba da kasan cewa tare damu, kuma ashirye Muke domin amsa tambayoyin ku akoda yaushe.
©GHN

Bayani Akan tsarin abinci ga masu Ciwon Suga (Diabetes Mellitus)

Aliyu Abubakar  |

Tsarin abinci na da matukar muhimmanci ga masu ciwon suga domin kusan kimanin kaso 50 cikin 100 na masu ciwon suga tsarin abincine yake shawo kan matsalarsu fiye da amfani da magungunan rage suga a cikin jini da kuma amfani da allurar sinadarin insulin.
Abincin da muke magana anan ya hada da duka nau'ikan abinci masu 'kwaya, ganyayyaki, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kuma dangin abinci masu maiko da kuma gina jiki, wadanan nau'ikan abincin ana amfani da sune daidai da bukatar jikin dan-Adam, da yawa daga cikin wadannan nau'ikan abincin suna aiki kaitsaye ga masu ciwon suga nau'i na biyu idan har sun kasance bisa tsari kuma suna taimakawa wajen rage yawan sugan dake cikin jininsu da kuma hana afkuwar wasu jinyoyin da ciwon ke kaiwa zuwa garesu irinsu ciwon koda, gushewar tunani da kuma bugawar zuciya wanda ke haifar da yawan mace-macen da yakai kaso 70-80 cikin 100 na masu ciwon suga.

Muhimman dangogin abincin da ake tsarawa masu ciwon suga

√ Kabohaidret (carbohydrates): Kusan kaso 80 cikin 100 na nau'inkan abincin da muka fiya ci a kasarnan kabohaidret ne shi kuma kabohaidret shine nau'in abincin da yake dauke da kaso mafi yawa na suga da jikinmu yake sarrafashi zuwa gulukos dan yai aiki dashi a matsayin makamashi, yawan wannan sinadarin acikin jini shike haifar da ciwon suga, akalla kaso 45-65 na kabohaidret a jikin mutum ne ke samar da karfi, mafi yawanci ana samun kabohaidret a nau'lkan abinci masu 'kwaya, kayan marmari da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa.

Kabohaidret nau'i biyune:

• Wanda yake 'kunshe da sinadarin suga da yawa a cikinsa da aka sarrafa a inji da ake kira da (refined/simple carbohydrates), sarrafashi da akayi yasa ya zama an samu raguwar wasu sinadarai masu amfani ga jiki irinsu fat, furotin da kuma faiba da suke taimakawa jiki wajen rage zu'kar suga hakan yasa ake samun taruwar suga sosai a cikin jikin mutum, masu ciwon suga nau'i na biyu ba'a yadda su na amfani da irin wannan nau'in na kabohaidret ba a abincisu.
• Wanda yake da karancin sinadarin suga a cikinsa wato (complex carbohydrates), shi kuma yana kunshe da sinadaran fat, furotin da kuma faiba a cikinsa wanda suke taimakawa jiki wajen rage zu'kar suga, samuwar wadannan sinadaran zaisa sugan dake cikin jini yayi dadai da bukatar jikin mutum, irin wannan nau'in na kabohaidret aka yadda masu ciwon suga nau'i na biyu su dinga amfani dashi a nau'ikan abincisu. Abin nufi anan shine masu ciwon suga zasu rage cin abincin da yake da kabohaidret sosai aciki sukoma amfani da wanda yake da 'karancin kabohaidret a ciki.


√ Fat da Furotin (fat and proteins): Wadanan sune dangin nau'ikan abinci masu mai'ko da kuma gina jiki, a'kalla kusan kaso 36-40 cikin 100 na abinci me mai'ko ke samar da 'karfi ga jiki, bisa la'akari dashi mai'kon (fat) akwai wanda yake kasancewa daidai da bukatar jiki dakuma wanda yake haifarwa da jikin mutum matsala wajen 'Kara yawan sinadarin kwalesterol a jiki wanda yawansa ga mai ciwon suga ke haifar da 'bullar cututtukan zuciya, sabo da haka yasa a keso masu ciwon suga dasu rage cin abinci me mai'ko sosai, su kuma dinga cin nau'inkan abincin da suke gina jiki wato furotin wanda yawansa yakai kimanin 0.6g/kg a kullum.

√ Faiba (fiber): Faiba bagarene na kabohaidret kuma daya daga cikin nau'ikan abincin da ba'a iya narkawa a ciki, ana samun faiba a ganyayyaki, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kuma abubuwa masu kwaya, wannan nau'in na abinci na taimakawa masu ciwon suga musamman masu nau'i na biyu na ciwon ta hanyar rage saurin tafiyar suga yayin da ake zukeshi zuwa sassan jikin dake bukatar suga, a kullum ana bukatar ayi amfani da a kalla giram 30-38 na faiba.

Jerin sunayen ire-iren abincin da suka had a wadancan dangogin abincin muka ambata da ya kamata masu ciwon suga suna ci

•Naman kaza, Kwai, kifi sadin
•Soyayyiyar gyada, goruba da aduwa
•Rake, lemo, kankana da karas
•Kayan ganye irinsu salak, kabeji dasuransu
•Abinci mai kwaya irinsu wake, alkama da waken suya
•Mai irinsu man zaitun
•Albasa, tafarnuwa, tumatiri da kuma dankali
•Biredi, gurasa, taliya da aka sarrafa da alkama
•Sugan da akayishi don masu ciwon suga irinsu Aspertame
•Kayan gwangwani da ba'asa suga a cikiba irinsu madarar waken suya, lemo ko 'ya'yan itace da aka tace na roba, kwalba ko gwangwani

Jerin sunayen abincin da masu ciwon suga zasu nisanta

•Farin suga
•Farar shinkafa, farar taliya da kuma biredin da akayishi bada alkamaba
•Shan kankana da abarba mai yawa
•Kayan ci da sha na kwalba, roba ko gwangwani da akasa suga aciki
•Cin gishirin da yawansa ya wuce miligiram 2300 a rana
•Shan giya
•Fulawa wacca ba ta alkama ba

Illar yawan cin abinci ga masu ciwon suga da kuma wanda basu dashi

Cin abinci fiye da kima na bawa jikin dan-Adam wahala wajen sarrafa abinci da kuma
daukar abubuwa masu amfani a cikin abincin zuwa inda yadace, sakamakon yawan hidama da akeba saifa da kuma sinadarin insulin wanda hakan ke haifar da barna maiyawa cikin jikin dan-adam, amma idan mutum ya lazamci cin abinci dai-dai kima, to zai taimakawa kansa wajen daidaita sinadarin suga a cikin jininsa sannan kuma zai taimakawa sinadarin insulin dinsa yayi aiki cikin sauki, shi yasa wash masana ganin cewa yana da kyau ace masu ciwon suga sudinga yin azumi na sa'oi 5-8 a'kalla sau biyu a mako domin daidaituwar suga a cikin jini.
Dayawa masu ciwon suga na shan wuya a Karon farko kafin su saba da tsarin canjin abinci, a har kullum abin da ake bukata a garesu shine juriya da mantawa da yanayin tsarin rayuwarsu ta baya, sannu a hankali abinda duk mutum ya sa a gabansa to zai cimma burinsa idan ya jure.

Allah Ya kara mana lafiya.
©GHN

Bayani akan Ciwon Suga (Diabetes Mellitus)

Aliyu Abubakar |

Ciwon Suga wata jinyace da take samuwa yayin da sinadarin suga wato (gulukos) yayi yawa a cikin jinin dan-Adam na tsawon lokaci. Bisa kiyasin hukumar lafiya ta duniya (WHO) sama da mutane miliyan 422 ne suke fama da wannan ciwon.

Yadda Ciwon Suga yake Faruwa

Ciwon Suga na faruwane yayin da jikin dan-Adam ya kasa sarrafa dukkan sinadarin suga (gulukos) da ke cikin jini, shi kuma gulukos na samuwane yayin da muka ci wani nau'in abinci mai suna kabohaidret wanda jikinmu yake sarrafashi zuwa sukari (gulukos), sannan akwai wani sinadari mai suna insulin da jikin dan-Adam ke samarwa wanda kan umarci jikin da ya yi amfani da sukarin (gulukos) a matsayin makamashi, yayin da jiki ya daina samar da sinadarin insulin ko kuma sinadarin ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata kasantuwar hakane me haifar day taruwar suga (gulukos) a cikin jini Wanda hakan man janyo matsaloli kamar bugun zuciya, shanyewar barin jiki, makanta, ciwon koda da kuma rashin warkewar ciwo.

Alamun kamuwa da Ciwon Suga

•Yawan Jin kishirwa
•Yin fitsari fiye da kima, musamman cikin dare
•Yawan Gajiya
•Ramewa ba tare da dalili ba
•Raguwar karfin ido
•Zafin 'kafafu
•Yawan mantuwa
•Gumi Mara misaltuwa

Ire-Iren Ciwon Suga:

Ciwon suga nau'i Biyu ne:

Na Farko1: Na faruwane yayin da jiki ya daina samar da sinadarin insulin, saboda haka sai suga (gulukos) ya taru a cikin jini. Mafi yawanci yara 'yan shekara 12-15 su sukafi kamuwa day irin wannan nau'in na ciwon suga Wanda kiyasi ya nuns cewa suke da kaso 10-20 cikin 100 na masu fama day ciwon suga a duniya.
Har yanzu masana lafiya basu gano dalilin da yasa jiki yake daina samar da sinadarin insulin ba shi yasa wasu suka ala'kanta abin da gado ko kuma kamuwa da wasu kwayoyin cuta da kan lalata 'ya'yan halitta (cells) wadanda ke samar da sinadarin insulin din.

Na Biyu2: Na faruwane yayin da jiki ya gaza samar da isasshen sinadarin insulin ko kuma ya kasance insulin din ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata. Mafi yawanci manyan mutane 'yan shekara 35-40 ke kamuwa da wannan nau'in ciwon suga kuma su suke da ka kaso 80-90 na masu ciwon suga a duniya.
Abubuwan dake haifar da wannan nau'i na ciwon suga akwai:
•Rashin motsa jiki
•Tara mummunar 'kiba
•Cin abinci da ya wuce kima

Akwai wani nau'i na ciwon suga da mata masu juna biyu ke kamuwa dashi sakamakon jaririn dasuke dauke dashi sai ya zama jikinsu ba ya iya samar da isassshen sinadarin insulin da zai wadaci uwar da jaririn, wannan nau'in ba cika jimawa ajikin matanba domin mafi yawanci da zarar sun haihu suke rabuwa dashi.

Hanyoyin Magance Ciwon Suga

Ciwon suga Ana maganceshi ta hanyoyi guda Uku:

√ Abinci: Cikakken bayani zaizo akan tsari da nau'ikan abincin da mai ciwon suga zainaci a rubutu nagaba)
√ Motsa jiki: Motsa jiki akalla na tsawon awanni biyu da rabi duk sati na da matukar muhimmanci ga masu ciwon suga musamman ga masu nau'i na biyu na ciwon suga da mukayi bayani asama.
√ Anfani da Magani: Masu ciwon suga nau'i na biyu zasuyi iya amfani da magungunan dake rage sinadarin gulukos daga cikin jini da ake kira (Hypoglycemic drugs) Wanda suka kasu gida biyu Lamar haka:
>Biguanide-Irinsu Metformin (glucophage)
>Sulphonylurease-Irinsu Acetohexamide, Tolbutamide, Glibenclamide (Daonil), Glimepiride, Pioglitazone dasauransu.
Sannan akwai allurar insulin da ake amfani da ita ga masu ciwon suga domin rage yawan sinadarin suga (gulukos) a jini musamman ga masu kalar ciwon suga nau'i na farko da kuma mata masu ciki.

Abubuwan da ya kamata mai Ciwon Suga ya Nisanta

Da bukatar duk mai ciwon suga ya nisanci daya daga cikin wadannan abubuwan:
•Cin abinci ko abin sha da aka tabbatar yana tattare da sinadarin suga mai yawa aciki (idan munzo bayani Akan abincin masu ciwon suga zamu lissafo ire-irensu)
Cin abincin da ya wuce kima
Tara mummunar 'kiba
Shan giya ko taba

Hanyoyin da ake tabbatar da Ciwon Suga

Ana tabbatar da ciwon suga ne kawai ta hanyar sakamakon gwaje-gwajen Suga da likita zaisa ayiwa mutumin da yake fama wadancan alamomin ciwon sugan da muka ambata asama, gwaje-gwajen sun hada da:

>Gwajin Fitsari: wannan shine matakin farko da ake fara tantace mai ciwon suga, idan sakamakon gwajin ya nuna samuwar sinadarin gulukos a cikin fitsarin (glycosuria) to wannan mutumin ya kamu da ciwon suga, kuma kusan kashi 50 cikin 100 na mata masu ciki ana samun wannan sinadarin a fitsarinsu Wanda hakan ke 'Kara tabbatar da cewa a lokacin da mata ke dauke da juna biyu suna kamuwa ciwon suga.

>Gwajin Jini: Akwai Gwaje-gwajen jini da yawa da akeyi Kafin a tabbatar da cewa mutum ya kamu da ciwon suga; wanda suka hada da:

√Gwajin sugan da akeyinsa a ko yaushe ba tare da sanya wata 'ka'ida ga Wanda za'a gwadaba wannan gwajin shine ake kira da Random blood sugar (RBS), bayan gwajin Idan sakamakon ya haura >11.1mmol/L (200mg/dL) za'a zargi cewa akwai ciwon suga a tattare da mutum amma da bukatar a maimaita gwajin a wasu lokutan daban don 'kara tabbartawa.
√Gwajin da akeyinsa bayan shafe kimanin awanni 10-12 na dare batare da anci komaiba har zuwa lokacin da za'adau jinin mutum domin gwajin, wannan gwajin shi ake kira da Fasting blood sugar (FBS), idan sakamakon wannan gwajin ya nuna yawan sugan cake cikin jinin ya wuce >7.0mmol/L(126mg/dL) to anan mutum yashiga matakin ciwon suga amma da bukatar 'Kara maimaita gwajin cikin kwanaki biyu ko uku don 'Kara samun tabbaci.
√Gwajin da akeyinsa bayan awa biyu da bawa mutum sinadarin gulukos wanda yawansa yakai kimanin giram 75 da ake hadashi da ruwan da yakai kimanin 300mL wannan gwajin shi ake kira da Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), idan sakamakon wannan gwajin ya nuna cewa adadin sugan dake cikin jinin ya wuce >11.1mmol/L(200mg/dL) to anan za'a tabbatar da cewa mutum ya kamu da ciwon suga, idan an so za'a iya Kara maimaita gwajin. Akwai wani gwajin mai kama da wannan da ake kira 2hours postprandial blood glucose (2hpp) bambancinsu kawai shine shi za'a iya cin kowane irin abinci sannan adauki jinin mutum bayan awa biyu.

Zamu takaita a iyaka wadannan amma akwai gwaje-gwaje da dama da ake yiwa masu ciwon suga bayan kamuwarsu dan ganin yadda abinci da kuma magungunan da suke amfani dasu suna tasiri wajen raguwar sugan ko kuma basayi daga cikin irin wadannan gwaje-gwajen akwai irinsu Glycated haemoglobin da kuma irinsu Serum fructosamine, wasu kuma gwaje-gwajen kai tsaye na nuni zuwa ga ainahin adadin sinadarin insulin da kuma jerantuwar kwayoyin halitta (cell) acikin saifa da yadda suke samun kariya ko kuma lalacewa irin wannan gwaje-gwajen sune kamarsu Plasma insulin test,  C-peptide da kuma Islet cell antibodies.

Allah yasa mudace
©GHN